Mammograms are annual imaging exams intended for the early detection of cancerous tumors in the breast tissue.  The exam also detects non-cancerous growths that should be further assessed and treated or monitored.  Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women (the first is lung cancer). The chance that a woman will die from breast cancer is just 1 in 39. Early detection and early intervention are key to survival.

Any woman between the ages of 35-39 should obtain a baseline mammogram. Any woman aged 40 and over should have an annual mammogram, regardless of risk.  While there are factors that increase the risk for breast cancer—older age (50+), genetics and family history, sedentary lifestyle and obesity, hormone replacement therapy, and others—mammograms are now recommended annually for all women after 40, regardless of factors that have been associated with increased or decreased risk.

In addition to an annual mammogram, it is recommended that women receive a clinical breast exam by a qualified professional every two years.  Clinical breast exams are usually conducted during routine gynecological exams (also recommended and available every 24 months—see Cervical and Vaginal Cancer Screening benefit), though can be conducted independently if there is concern.  A clinical breast exam is done by visually inspecting and palpating (feeling with the hands and fingers) the breast tissue and lymph areas surrounding the breast—such as under the arm.

Likewise, women are encouraged to do monthly self-exams, or manual exams, which are best performed in or immediately after a hot shower.